The lightning arrester defends the power system by forwarding this high voltage surges to the ground. The lightning arrestor provides the low impedance path when the traveling wave of lightning reaches a certain level and gets grounded without affecting the structure. For more info on lightning arresters, feel free to read this blog on " Why do we need Lightning Arresters? The conventional lightning arrester consists of Franklin rods.
Their effectiveness is decided based on their position, morphology, materials used, and physical reaction that is performed due to the electrostatic field during the lightning. The lightning arrester is placed at a dominant height, making it a favorable point for the lightning bolt to strike. Through the grounding system, the positive charge rises to the tip of the lightning rod.
And when the lightning strikes, the device allows the lightning leader from the cloud and grounds it safely through the installed grounding system. Hence the current discharge gets distributed evenly throughout the ground and thus protects the structure.
Hence instead of hitting the random objects or the structure of the facility, the lightning bolt will conduct through the ESE lightning arrester and the high voltage spike will get grounded safely. The response time for ESE IS reduced by storing energy from the ambient electromagnetic field or static charges at the time of the lightning.
The ESE lightning arrester can cover a larger radius compared to a traditional lightning arrester. Surge arrester is used to protect the circuit or electrical equipment from high voltage transient or electrical surges. It may damage the electrical equipment.
In order to avoid this, the surge arresters are normally used. Lightning arrester works like surge arrester from outside of the conductor. They absorb the electrical surges in the transmission tower itself.
Lightning rod is a pre protection device. Which absorb the lightning before fall in to the transmission line. Lighting arrester is used to suppress the high transient voltage, isolation arc, electrical surge current s from spark and lightning currents from lightning strikes. If, they fall on the transmission lines means the system voltage might be elevated to dangerous voltage level. The type A earth termination arrangement is suitable for low structures below 20 metres in height or an LPS with rods or stretched wires.
The type A arrangement uses vertical or horizontal earth electrodes. Practically it uses both connected to each down conductor, installed outside the structure below the foundation to be protected and housed in a plastic or concrete pit for ease of inspection figure Lightning Protection — Copper Earthing Equipment.
The minimum number of electrodes is 2. The minimum length of each earth electrode at the base of each down-conductor is specified in BS EN and the table below. It is 11 for horizontal electrodes — usually copper tapes. If copper plates are to be used the surface area of the plate should be at least equal to either.
The surface area of the length of earthing conductor that would need to be used to satisfy the requirement for a vertical electrode 0. The surface area of the length of earthing conductor that would need to be used to satisfy the requirement for a lattice mat electrode If using vertical and horizontal electrodes, the individual earthing electrode lengths should follow the 0. Type A earth electrodes should be installed so that the top of the earth rod is 0. The earth rod should be housed in an inspection pit, commonly concrete or plastic for ease of inspection and registering the location during and after installation figure
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